Fall Protection While Installation Of Elevator.
These refrence are intended to describe the importance fall protection for elevator installation.
They are not intended to describe the fall protection or the specific requirements for various types, designs, or manufacturers for the installation of elevator at job site
Definitions:
Fall arrest system: An assembly of components joined together so that when the assembly is connected to a fixed support, it is capable of arresting a worker’s fall.
Fall restricting system: A type of fall-arrest system that has been designed to limit a worker’s fall to a specified distance.
Travel restraint system: An assembly of components capable of restricting a worker’s movement on a work surface and preventing the worker from reaching a location from which the worker could fall.
Vertical lifeline: A rope or wire that is attached to an anchor. The lanyard of a fallarrest system is attached to the lifeline. The lifeline extends the reach of the lanyard to an appropriate anchor point. An example of a lifeline is a 5/8" diameter synthetic rope (polypropylene blend) with a spliced loop and thimble for attachment to an anchor point using a shackle. It must extend to the ground or the lowest point that a worker couldaccess.
If synthetic rope may be subjected to damage such as from welding or cutting operations, as approved Organisation or National OSH Standards only approved diameter wire-rope lifeline along approved rope grab that is matched to the wire rope must be used.
A vertical lifeline must meet National OSH standard Fall Arresting Devices and Vertical Lifelines. Vertical lifelines sold on a reel or in a container will have the standard information attached or etched on the container or reel. Once removed from the original packaging, pertinent information such as the purchase order number and certification should be identified on the lifeline (with tags or otherwise) to ensure it does not get confused with hoisting rope and cable. The lifeline should be stored separately from hoisting ropes and cable.
Exposure to the sun may damage or weaken synthetic lifelines. Ensure that material being considered for lifelines is UV-resistant. There must be a separate lifeline for each worker using a fall-arrest system.
Anchor point (for a vertical lifeline): A structure, or a device attached to a structure, which will support a fall-arrest load.
A support used in a fall-arrest system must be capable of supporting a static force of at least 8 kilonewtons (1800 lb) without exceeding the allowable unit stress for each material used.
Horizontal lifeline: A horizontal lifeline is a lifeline connected horizontally with an anchor point at each end. Because of its configuration, it may have very high end loads in the event of a fall arrest. Horizontal lifelines, including the end anchorages, must be designed by a professional engineer.
The Fall Protection should to imparted :-
- Employers ensure that workers using a fall protection system are trained in its use
- Training records are kept, including training dates and participants’ names
- Employers have training records available for upon request.
Before use of a fall-arrest system or a safety net by a worker on a project, the worker’s employer must develop written procedures for rescuing the worker in the event of a fall arrest.
Minimizing the time between a fall occurrence and medical attention is vitally important.
All fall protection equipment must be inspected for damage, wear, and obvious defects by a competent worker before each use. Any defective component must be replaced by one that meets or exceeds the manufacturer’s minimum performance standards for that particular system.
Depending on the application, a fall-arrest system typically consists of a full body harness, shock absorber, and lanyard as specified above, attached to an adequate anchor point.
Anchorages for the system should be designed by a professional engineer and a sketch stamped by the engineer should be available on the project showing the details. Such anchorage will usually be attached to the crosshead.
To protect workers or debris from falling into an open hoistway, completely board up or otherwise fully cover hoistway openings. If the hoistway opening is not fully covered, provide overhead protection in the hoistway and guardrails at the opening. The overhead protection should not be more than 3 storeys or 9 metres (30 feet) above a working area (Refer Below Image ).
The overhead protection should be capable of supporting 2.4 kN/m2 (50 pounds per square foot). Planks of 48 mm x 248 mm (2" x 10") No.1 spruce (rough sawn, full size) with a span no greater than 2.1 metres (7 feet) will provide sufficient overhead protection. Beams supporting the planks should be secured in place and have a bearing surface of at least 200 mm (8 inches) at the ends. Do not use the overhead protection as a working platform. Post signs indicating that planking for overhead protection is not to be used as a working platform (Refer Below Image).
A fall-arrest system attached to a suitable anchor must be worn by workers while installing or removing guardrails and overhead protection, and while boarding up or tearing down elevator doorways (Refer Below Image).
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